P. A. Kravchenko, O. A. Kulikova, E. A. Volgareva, A. A. Kostylev, M. I. Leshchenko. Prospects for research of phosphogypsum as a material for construction [more] [back]

Аnalytical investigation of the potential use of hemihydrate (CaSO4 · 0.5H2O) and dihydrate (CaSO4 · 2H2O) calcium sulfate — phosphogypsum as a construction material for the construction of roads, soil structures, etc. This will make it possible to unload landfills for the storage of waste from the processing of phosphorous ores of chemical enterprises in the territory of the Russian Federation. . The annual utilization of phosphogypsum at such enterprises is estimated at hundreds of thousands and millions of tons — huge dumps are formed, which pose a danger both from the point of view of groundwater pollution and from the point of view of man-made safety. The research method is an analysis of the situation at the landfills of industrial enterprises, as well as an analytical (calculation) assessment of the possibility of replacing bulk materials (sand, crushed stone) with phosphogypsum common in construction. The considered options for the use of the material allow not only to preserve, but also to improve the operational characteristics of highways and other ground structures, while eliminating the potentially harmful effects of the material associated with its dusting during storage. Keywords: waste processing, secondary raw materials, building materials, phosphogypsum, road bases, permafrost. Keywords: waste processing, secondary raw materials, building materials, phosphogypsum, road bases, permafrost

D. V. Osipov, P. Yu. Ivanov, A. A. Khamnaeva, K. E. Pronin. Comparison of the length of the braking tracks of a freight train with single-pipe and double-tube power supply of the braking system [more] [back]

The purpose of the work is to identify, on the basis of laboratory studies, the effect of the speed and amount of filling of brake cylinders on the calculated braking distance of freight rolling stock when using brake systems with two—pipe and single-pipe supply of a spare tank. These studies are aimed at improving the technical speed and safety of freight trains, as well as improving the efficiency of the braking system during cyclic braking, in order to reduce its depletion. Methods — analysis of the filling rate of the brake cylinders, in order to determine the time of preparation of the brakes for action, depending on the method of organizing the power supply of the brake system; comparison of the length of the preparatory and actual braking distance according to the method of speed intervals proposed in the Rules of traction calculations. It was also assumed that the train was braking to a complete stop on a straight horizontal section of the track, with air leaks from the brake cylinders throughout the train. It was revealed that a two-pipe braking system allows to develop a significantly greater braking effect than a singlepipe braking system with a similar technical condition of the pneumatic train system. As a result, with the new method of powering the reserve tank, there is a significant reduction in the time required to prepare the brakes for action, as well as a reduction in the length of the full braking distance. It has been proven that the use of a new braking system will improve the efficiency of the braking system, which leads to a reduction in braking distance. This, in turn, will improve the safety and speed of trains along the sections, as well as increase the average weight of trains. Keywords: valid braking distance, preparatory braking distance, single-pipe braking system, two- braking system, speed interval method, valid pressing brake pad, cast iron brake pad, composite brake pad. Keywords: valid braking distance, preparatory braking distance, single-pipe braking system, two-braking system, speed interval method, valid pressing brake pad, cast iron brake pad, composite brake pad

A. R. Andreeva, R. P. Sorokin, M. A. Saharova, I. V. Zaharov. The model of information and telecommunication interaction between automated vehicles in conditions of incomplete coverage by mobile networks [more] [back]

Now there are more and more prerequisites for the introduction of highly automated and fully automated vehicles into various spheres of human life. This makes it possible to optimize and improve the country's road system as a whole, and most importantly, reduce accidents and, consequently, improve road safety. When implementing these vehicles, it is necessary to develop an algorithm for communication between different road users under different conditions and distances between objects. This study uses simulation modeling methods, the method of tabular and graphical data display, the method of factor analysis, methods of model experiment, as well as the method of expert assessments. As a result, an algorithm was developed for transmitting messages with different content and priority information between two highly automated / fully automated vehicles or a vehicle with an automated state infrastructure using various communication channels, as well as a simulation model based on it, which was created in the AnyLogic modeling environment. The use of different priorities allows you to guarantee the minimum delivery time of the most important messages containing information for vehicle management. As a result of the simulation, histograms of the probabilistic-temporal characteristics of the transmission of messages of various priorities and messages confirming their delivery were obtained using various communication channels. The simulation results make it possible to assess the quality and time of message delivery under specified conditions and to ensure effective transmission of information by changing the intensity and size of messages, the use of various communication channels and their speeds, and so on. Keywords: automation, vehicle, simulation modeling, communication channel, digitalization, automated vehicle, communication network. Keywords: automation, vehicle, simulation modeling, communication channel, digitalization, automated vehicle, communication network