P. K. Rybin, M. A. Drozdova, A. V. Benin. The Educational Policy of SPTU within the Framework of the Priority-2030 Programme: Prospects for Development, Best Practices, and Contribution to Engineering Education [more] [back]
To analyse the educational policy at Petersburg State Transport University (SPTU) within the framework of the Priority-2030 programme, to identify best practices and achievements, to evaluate future development prospects, and to assess the University’s contribution to the development of engineering education in Russia. Methods: Analysis of SPTU’s strategic documents alongside the Russian Federation Transport Strategy, a case study focused on the presentation of diploma projects related to the Gorky Railway, a comparative analysis of conventional and innovative training models, and quantitative assessment such as graduate employment statistics, and the extent of digital programme implementation. Results: The effective establishment of cross-functional engineering teams to complete final qualification theses commissioned by industrial partners has become a significant achievement, particularly highlighted by the Yaransk-Kotelnich case. This initiative has facilitated the establishment of an effective “research bridge” grounded in the framework of “industry demand → education and science → integration” scheme. Practical significance: The proposed model for transforming SPTU into “University 4.0”, which is embedded within the industry ecosystem, can serve as a compelling example for other universities. The experience gained in forming cross-functional teams and aligning education with the real-world projects of industrial partners can be scaled and adapted, thereby directly addressing the human resource requirements of the transport industry and advancing the objectives of national strategies. This approach will enhance Russia’s technological sovereignty and competitiveness. Keywords: Priority 2030, university educational policy, transport education, engineering education
P. A. Kravchenko, V. M. Polunin, A. N. Makarov. The Application of Mathematical Modelling in the Survey of an Existing Excavation Pit [more] [back]
To assess the feasibility of employing experimental studies and observations in the monitoring process to estimate the uncertain parameters of excavation retaining wall elements, specifically focusing on sheet pile lengths. Methods: The methods proposed in this paper are centered on determining the actual rigidity of the excavation retaining wall elements (steel sheet piles) under real working conditions within the context of existing structures. Essentially, the methods outlined herein represent a full-scale experimental study conducted at an active construction site. Results: This paper presents the findings related to the identification of the missing sheet pile parameters, specifically sheet lengths, through numerical modelling and field investigations that included deformation measurements, which were then compared to the calculated values. Practical significance: The practical relevance of this research is largely attributed to the distinctive challenges faced in the construction and renovation of buildings and structures in densely populated urban environments, where the effective use of underground space is vital. Furthermore, the significance is heightened by the specific ground conditions of St. Petersburg, which are marked by weak clay soils that are topped by relatively thin layers of fine and dusty sands. Geotechnical engineers often face the challenge of incomplete construction projects that necessitate completion due to the instability of the technical condition at the point where construction was interrupted. It is crucial to finalize the ongoing construction and installation works; however, the existing underground structures, such as piles, excavation retaining elements, foundations, or other installations, cannot be removed, as their dismantling could jeopardize adjacent buildings. Consequently, it is imperative to maintain and make use of the existing structures and their components while collecting accurate information about these structures, particularly, about their strength and deformation characteristics. Keywords: Piles, reconstruction, sheet piling, excavation retaining wall, mathematical modelling, excavation survey
A. T. Popov, O. A. Suslova, M. A. Chekhov, A. I. Malakhov. Integrated Railway Safety System Using FPV Drones [more] [back]
To create a robust security management system for railway transport infrastructure, facilitating continuous surveillance over extensive railway stretches. Methods: The use of innovative unmanned technologies, such as automated flight control and data processing systems. The proposed concept involves segmenting the railway network into sections measuring 100–200 kilometers, with the establishment of central control points at various stations. The video feed from FPV drones will be sent to a distant artificial intelligence server, which will assess the threat level of any incidents that are detected. Based upon this assessment, the AI will either make autonomous decisions or generate a list of recommendations to be transmitted to railway personnel. This paper outlines the phases for implementing the proposed technology, outlines an operational algorithm for the security system using FPV drones, and explores various patrol strategies, each specifying the drones’ movement patterns. The regulatory framework, potential risks, economic feasibility and methods for identifying UAVs by both the public and railway personnel have been comprehensively addressed. The scientific novelty: The integration of contemporary unmanned technologies into existing railway transport infrastructure, enabling the establishment of an effective and economically viable security system is of key importance.The proposed system can serve as a foundation for further development of UAV-based technologies for monitoring the condition of railway tracks. Results: Implementation of this system is expected to substantially enhance railway safety, reduce response times to emerging threats, improve the quality of operational oversight, and minimize the impact of the human factors on monitoring processes. Practical significance: The implementation of a security system using FPV drones in railway transport holds significant practical importance. It is particularly relevant in areas with heightened terrorist threats, in inaccessible locations, during emergencies for search and rescue operations and for evaluating the aftermath of accidents or disasters. Furthermore, it is beneficial for the real-time monitoring of track repair activities. Keywords: Safety in railway transport, border regions, emergencies in railway transport, terrorism, FPV drone, artificial intelligence, automatic decision-making, drone autonomous operation system, drone duty cycle, multicomplexity, patrol strategies